What is the difference between id and class in CSS, and when should I use them? [duplicate]

Solution 1:

Use a class when you want to consistently style multiple elements throughout the page/site. Classes are useful when you have, or possibly will have in the future, more than one element that shares the same style. An example may be a div of "comments" or a certain list style to use for related links.

Additionally, a given element can have more than one class associated with it, while an element can only have one id. For example, you can give a div two classes whose styles will both take effect.

Furthermore, note that classes are often used to define behavioral styles in addition to visual ones. For example, the jQuery form validator plugin heavily uses classes to define the validation behavior of elements (e.g. required or not, or defining the type of input format)

Examples of class names are: tag, comment, toolbar-button, warning-message, or email.
Use the ID when you have a single element on the page that will take the style. Remember that IDs must be unique. In your case this may be the correct option, as there presumably will only be one "main" div on the page.

Examples of ids are: main-content, header, footer, or left-sidebar.

A good way to remember this is a class is a type of item and the id is the unique name of an item on the page.

Solution 2:

ids are unique

Each element can have only one id
Each page can have only one element with that id

classes are NOT unique

You can use the same class on multiple elements.
You can use multiple classes on the same element.

Javascript cares

JavaScript people are already probably more in tune with the differences between classes and ids. JavaScript depends on there being only one page element with any particular id, or else the commonly used getElementById function couldn't be depended on.

Solution 3:

For more info on this click here.

Example

<div id="header_id" class="header_class">Text</div>

#header_id {font-color:#fff}
.header_class {font-color:#000}

(Note that CSS uses the prefix # for IDs and . for Classes.)

However color was an HTML 4.01 <font> tag attribute deprecated in HTML 5. In CSS there is no "font-color", the style is color so the above should read:

Example

<div id="header_id" class="header_class">Text</div>

#header_id {color:#fff}
.header_class {color:#000}

The text would be white.

Solution 4:

IDs must be unique--you can't have more than one element with the same ID in an html document. Classes can be used for multiple elements. In this case, you would want to use an ID for "main" because it's (presumably) unique--it's the "main" div that serves as a container for your other content and there will only be one.

If you have a bunch of menu buttons or some other element for which you want the styling repeated, you would assign them all to the same class and then style that class.

Solution 5:

As pretty much everyone else has said use ID for one-off elements and class for multiple use elements.

Here is a quick, over simplified example, take HTML and HEAD tags as read

<body>
    <div id="leftCol">
        You will only have one left column
    </div>
    <div id="mainContent">
        Only one main content container, but.....
        <p class="prettyPara">You might want more than one pretty paragraph</p>
        <p>This one is boring and unstyled</p>
        <p class="prettyPara">See I told you, you might need another!</p>
    </div>
    <div id="footer">
        Not very HTML5 but you'll likely only have one of these too.
    </div>
</body>

Also, as mentioned in other answers ID are well exposed to javascript, classes less so. However modern javascript frameworks like jQuery leverage class for javascript too