Closed form of a partial sum of the power series of $\exp(x)$
I'm not sure you'll like this, but in terms of the incomplete $\Gamma$ function, one can get a closed form as $$\frac{e^{x}\Gamma(n+1,x)}{\Gamma(n+1)}.$$
The incomplete $\Gamma$ function is defined as $$\Gamma(s,x) = \int_x^{\infty} t^{s-1}e^{-t}dt$$.