How can I do a full shutdown of windows 10 without logging in?

From Ubuntu ,first you should run ntfsfix on your ntfs partition then use the remove_hiberfile option to mount your partition:

man ntfsfix:

DESCRIPTION

ntfsfix is a utility that fixes some common NTFS problems. ntfsfix is NOT a Linux version of chkdsk. It only repairs some fundamental NTFS inconsistencies, resets the NTFS journal file and schedules an NTFS consistency check for the first boot into Windows.

You may run ntfsfix on an NTFS volume if you think it was damaged by Windows or some other way and it cannot be mounted.

man ntfs-3g:

remove_hiberfile

When the NTFS volume is hibernated, a read-write mount is denied and a read-only mount is forced. One needs either to resume Windows and shutdown it properly, or use this option which will remove the Windows hibernation file. Please note, this means that the saved Windows session will be completely lost. Use this option under your own responsibility.

e,g:

sudo ntfsfix /dev/sdaX
sudo mount -t ntfs-3g -o remove_hiberfile /dev/sdaX /mnt/your_mount_point

If all you want to do is remove the hibernation state (that is what prevents ubunto to do disk stuff, simply do the following.

Boot the computer until you see some sign of Windows 10 then hold the powerbutton for 5 seconds until the computer is turned off.

If pressing the powerbutton turns the computer into standby too quickly, simply press and hold the powerbutton to wake up the computer. After it has woken up, and the button is still pressed, the 5 seconds should then shut down the computer.

Alternatively, if you have the computer running, pull out the power cable.