linux CLI screenshot without X

Solution 1:

SSH to the server and run the curses-based command; it should translate properly to curses "graphics", depending on how your terminal client's emulation is configured. Screenshot using your desktop OS's utility.

At least, that's what I'd do.

Solution 2:

You can also use the screen program, and pressing ctrl-a h will write the screen to a file 'hardcopy.n'.