Symptoms

• Kernel doesn't update. That is after restart, the system is still on the old kernel.
• Changes to GRUB config aren't applied.
• Installing a new kernel isn't applying.
• bpool is missing due to not being imported.

Problem

This is caused by a change in the name of the disk device from time of installation to when the symptoms began. For example, if the disk where Ubuntu was installed was /dev/sda at the time of installation, then another disk was added, the first disk can become /dev/sdb. There Ubiquity installer version shipped with the Ubuntu 20.04 installation media uses the /dev/sdX names when creating the ZFS pools. That means rpool and bpool are created with vdevs /dev/sdaX. Once those change post installation, the non-root pool cannot be imported because the original vdev ID no longer contains a ZFS pool in it. That results in booting Ubuntu without the /boot filesystem used by GRUB mounted. Instead files written to /boot during kernel updates or installation end up in /boot in rpool which isn't used by GRUB during boot. Et viola.

When I faced this issue recently the bpool was missing from online status when run

sudo zpool status

so I do this

First I import bpool like this

sudo zpool import -d /dev/sdX bpool

my previously bpool was in /dev/sdb6 So when run zpool status its says rpool and bpool are online, Then I reinstall last image like this to enforce to write on empty /boot

In my case

sudo apt --reinstall install linux-image-5.4.0-52-generic

Then reboot and seem the new kernel was updated successfully

That's it

I hope this help someone else

BR

Solution

Post install

I am not certain if this can be reliably fixed post-install. One thing I found is if I import bpool with the right vdev, then it shows up and it gets mounted on subsequent reboots since it gets remembered in the pool cache. It seems to be possible to change the ZFS vdev name upon import but I'm not sure how this can be done exactly so I'm not suggesting it. Someone with better ZFS-fu can suggest the correct sequence of commands, maybe involving zpool import ... -d ....

At install time

There's already a fix in the responsible code block in Ubiquity but it isn't part of the current version shipped with the first 20.04 media. You can however grab it once you've booted into the Live desktop environment.

1. Boot from the Ubuntu installation media.
2. Choose Try Ubuntu without installing.
3. Grab that fixed zsys-setup:

sudo wget -O /usr/share/ubiquity/zsys-setup https://git.launchpad.net/ubiquity/plain/scripts/zsys-setup?h=20.10.2

4. Run the Ubuntu installer and install on ZFS (experimental) as normal.