Is true == 1 and false == 0 in JavaScript?

It's true that true and false don't represent any numerical values in Javascript.

In some languages (e.g. C, VB), the boolean values are defined as actual numerical values, so they are just different names for 1 and 0 (or -1 and 0).

In some other languages (e.g. Pascal, C#), there is a distinct boolean type that is not numerical. It's possible to convert between boolean values and numerical values, but it doesn't happen automatically.

Javascript falls in the category that has a distinct boolean type, but on the other hand Javascript is quite keen to convert values between different data types.

For example, eventhough a number is not a boolean, you can use a numeric value where a boolean value is expected. Using if (1) {...} works just as well as if (true) {...}.

When comparing values, like in your example, there is a difference between the == operator and the === operator. The == equality operator happily converts between types to find a match, so 1 == true evaluates to true because true is converted to 1. The === type equality operator doesn't do type conversions, so 1 === true evaluates to false because the values are of different types.

In JavaScript, == is pronounced "Probably Equals".

What I mean by that is that JavaScript will automatically convert the Boolean into an integer and then attempt to compare the two sides.

For real equality, use the === operator.

Try the strict equality comparison:

if(1 === true)
    document.write("oh!!! that's true");  //**this is not displayed**

The == operator does conversion from one type to another, the === operator doesn't.