Problem using wildcard with apt
Recent versions of apt changed the way patterns are specified, and apt no longer supports regular expressions directly or wildcards, other than * for which support was restored in 2.1.0 and backported to 2.0.3.
You should now use
apt install '~nlibkf5.*'
with apt between 1.9.9 and 2.0.2, or the long form
apt install '?name(libkf5.*)'
available slightly earlier.
See the apt-patterns manpage (man apt-patterns) for details.
One can still use plain apt-get for such purpose.
For the OP's example it will look like
sudo apt-get install "libkf5*"