Comma before "including"?

Does this sentence require a comma before including?

He has written on a range of moral issues including poverty, globalization, and euthanasia.

Solution 1:

It requires a comma because including is the subordinating conjunction for the dependent clause. Notice that if you DON'T put a comma there, you are essentially qualifying the moral issues upon which he has written as only those that include poverty ("moral issues including poverty"), in which case "globalization, and euthanasia" becomes one of two things: either a meaningless fragment, or the last two elements in a linking sequence that was not intended ("1. a range of moral issues including poverty, 2. globalization, and 3. euthanasia").

Solution 2:

In that sentence, a comma is required before “including,” which is introducing a partial list (per Garner's Modern American Usage).

@user21497, @Cerberus, @BillFranke, @John M. Landsberg: A participle (the -ing or -ed form of a verb) can be used in various ways: as a gerund, which is a noun (singing is fun); as an adjective (a flying nun; a missed opportunity); or, as is the case above, as a preposition. (Preposition = a word governing, and usually preceding, a noun or pronoun and expressing a relation to another word or element in the clause, as in “the man on the platform” and “she arrived after dinner” -- from the online Oxford dictionary.)

Solution 3:

I think most of you are wrong. It is not a gerund because it is not acting as a noun, nor is it a participle because it is not used as a describing word. It is also not a subordinating conjunction as this requires a complete sentence on both sides of the conjunction. It is a transition word.