How to launch Ubuntu in Windows Subsystem for Linux in Windows 10 S?

Solution 1:

Ubuntu 18.04 on Windows allows one to use Ubuntu Terminal and run Ubuntu command line utilities including bash, ssh, git, apt and many more. Ubuntu 18.04 WSL is published by Canonical. The Windows 10 April 2019 Update gives Windows Subsystem for Linux the new ability to let you access Linux files safely from Windows. WSL2 which features a true Linux kernel can be installed in Windows 10 version 2004 and later.

Please note that Windows 10 S does not support running this app. Windows 10 in S Mode can’t use command-line shells like PowerShell, Command Prompt, or Bash which are commonly used in WSL. Various other developer tools are also off limits.^*

The options for running Ubuntu in Windows 10 S are either in a virtual machine like VirtualBox or as a dual boot alongside Windows 10 S.

Solution 2:

According to Microsoft: Windows 10S is not able to use command prompt or any settings that can alter system files for security purposes. The only way for you to do this is to upgrade/switch to Windows 10 Pro. (Source: Microsoft Answers)

Moreover, for WSL to work you need to have cmd or powershell. So, I would suggest you to either install Ubuntu in VMWare or upgrade to Windows 10 Home/Pro.