phpMyAdmin: "Choose Field to display" doesn't show off

It's really the "Choose column to display" (phpMyAdmin 4+, for sure) that you want. It can be found by two ways:

1. "Designer" page (main menu). The option it's in one of the top icons;
2. "Relation View" page, that can be accessed by the "Structure" page (main menu). The link to the relation view is right below from the fields of the table.

You can do this with phpmyadmin's designer. After you created the Foreign key relation in the visual designer you can choose which column to display when inserting values into the table with the foreign key (Icon "Choose column to display").

Here is a nice little tutorial which also contains the solution to your problem.