Python: Bind an Unbound Method?

Solution 1:

All functions are also descriptors, so you can bind them by calling their __get__ method:

bound_handler = handler.__get__(self, MyWidget)

Here's R. Hettinger's excellent guide to descriptors.

As a self-contained example pulled from Keith's comment:

def bind(instance, func, as_name=None):
    """
    Bind the function *func* to *instance*, with either provided name *as_name*
    or the existing name of *func*. The provided *func* should accept the 
    instance as the first argument, i.e. "self".
    """
    if as_name is None:
        as_name = func.__name__
    bound_method = func.__get__(instance, instance.__class__)
    setattr(instance, as_name, bound_method)
    return bound_method

class Thing:
    def __init__(self, val):
        self.val = val

something = Thing(21)

def double(self):
    return 2 * self.val

bind(something, double)
something.double()  # returns 42

Solution 2:

This can be done cleanly with types.MethodType. Example:

import types

def f(self): 
    print(self)

class C: 
    pass

meth = types.MethodType(f, C(), C) # Bind f to an instance of C
print(meth) # prints <bound method C.f of <__main__.C object at 0x01255E90>>

Solution 3:

Creating a closure with self in it will not technically bind the function, but it is an alternative way of solving the same (or very similar) underlying problem. Here's a trivial example:

self.method = (lambda self: lambda args: self.do(args))(self)

Solution 4:

This will bind self to handler:

bound_handler = lambda *args, **kwargs: handler(self, *args, **kwargs)

This works by passing self as the first argument to the function. object.function() is just syntactic sugar for function(object).

Solution 5:

Late to the party, but I came here with a similar question: I have a class method and an instance, and want to apply the instance to the method.

At the risk of oversimplifying the OP's question, I ended up doing something less mysterious that may be useful to others who arrive here (caveat: I'm working in Python 3 -- YMMV).

Consider this simple class:

class Foo(object):

    def __init__(self, value):
        self._value = value

    def value(self):
        return self._value

    def set_value(self, value):
        self._value = value

Here's what you can do with it:

>>> meth = Foo.set_value   # the method
>>> a = Foo(12)            # a is an instance with value 12
>>> meth(a, 33)            # apply instance and method
>>> a.value()              # voila - the method was called
33