@Inject to pass params to a CDI @Named bean via URL

If I cannot use the @ManagedProperty annotation with @Named, because @ManagedProperty doesn't work in CDI(?), then how do you pass params in the URL to the facelets client? In my code, I want to pass javax.mail.getMessageNumber() to details.xhtml through the "back" and "forward" buttons.

I understand that @Inject should be used, but what is being injected and how, please?

From the glassfish logs, id is always 0, which is quite odd. Even when "forward" is clicked, id never gets above 1 no matter how many times the button is clicked. Of course, that's merely a symptom of the problem. The desired output, of course, is to advance to the next Message.

Perhaps put the Message, or at least the int, into the session?

The client as so:

<?xml version='1.0' encoding='UTF-8' ?>
<!DOCTYPE composition PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">
<ui:composition xmlns:ui="http://java.sun.com/jsf/facelets"
                template="./template.xhtml"
                xmlns:h="http://java.sun.com/jsf/html"
                xmlns:c="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core"
                xmlns:f="http://java.sun.com/jsf/core">
    <ui:define name="top">
        <h:form>
            <h:form>
                <h:outputLink id="link1" value="detail.xhtml">
                    <f:param name="id" value="#{detail.back()}" />
                    <h:outputText value="back" />
                </h:outputLink>
            </h:form>
        </h:form>
        <h:form>
            <h:outputLink id="link1" value="detail.xhtml">
                <f:param name="id" value="#{detail.forward()}" />
                <h:outputText value="forward" />
            </h:outputLink>
        </h:form>
    </ui:define>
    <ui:define name="content">
        <h:outputText value="#{detail.content}"></h:outputText>
    </ui:define>
</ui:composition>

and the bean as so:

package net.bounceme.dur.nntp;

import java.util.logging.Level;
import java.util.logging.Logger;
import javax.enterprise.context.RequestScoped;
import javax.faces.bean.ManagedProperty;
import javax.inject.Named;
import javax.mail.Message;

@Named
@RequestScoped
public class Detail {

    private static final Logger logger = Logger.getLogger(Detail.class.getName());
    private static final Level level = Level.INFO;
    @ManagedProperty(value = "#{param.id}")
    private Integer id = 0;
    private Message message = null;
    private SingletonNNTP nntp = SingletonNNTP.INSTANCE;

    public Detail() {
        message = nntp.getMessage(id);
    }

    public int forward() {
        logger.log(level, "Detail.forward.." + id);
        id = id + 1;
        logger.log(level, "..Detail.forward " + id);
        return id;
    }

    public int back() {
        logger.log(level, "Detail.back.." + id);
        id = id - 1;
        logger.log(level, "..Detail.back " + id);
        return id;
    }

    public Message getMessage() {
        return message;
    }

    public String getContent() throws Exception {
        return message.getContent().toString();
    }
}

This works only with the in JSF 2.3 introduced javax.faces.annotation.ManagedProperty.

@Inject @ManagedProperty("#{param.id}")
private String id;

The now deprecated javax.faces.bean.ManagedProperty annotation works only in JSF @ManagedBean classes. I.e. in instances which are managed by JSF. It does not work in instances which are managed by CDI @Named. Further, you've made another mistake: you're trying to prepare the Message based on the managed property in the constructor. If it were a real @ManagedBean, that would also not have worked. The managed property is not available during construction, simply because it's not possible to call the setter method before the constructor is called. You should have used a @PostConstruct method for this.

If you cannot upgrade to JSF 2.3, you'd need to create a custom CDI annotation. A concrete example is posted in this blog. Here's an extract of relevance:

The custom @HttpParam annotation:

@Qualifier
@Retention(RUNTIME)
@Target({TYPE, METHOD, FIELD, PARAMETER})
public @interface HttpParam {
    @NonBinding
    public String value() default "";
}

The annotation value producer:

public class HttpParamProducer {

    @Inject
    FacesContext facesContext;

    @Produces
    @HttpParam
    String getHttpParameter(InjectionPoint ip) {
        String name = ip.getAnnotated().getAnnotation(HttpParam.class).value();
        if ("".equals(name)) name = ip.getMember().getName();
        return facesContext.getExternalContext()
                .getRequestParameterMap()
                .get(name);
    }
}

An usage example:

@Inject @HttpParam
private String id;

JSF utility library OmniFaces has a @Param for exactly this purpose, with builtin support for JSF conversion and validation.

Alternatively, you can also manually grab the request parameter from the external context in the Detail managed bean. The recommended way to do managed bean initialization is to use a @PostConstruct method, not the constructor, as the constructor could be used for completely different purposes than managed bean creation:

@PostConstruct
public void init() {
    String id = FacesContext.getCurrentInstance().getExternalContext().getRequestParameterMap().get("id");
    // ...
}

Another way, IMO also more suitable for this particular case, is to use <f:viewParam> which also allows you to convert the ID to Message directly by a custom converter.

<f:metadata>
    <f:viewParam name="id" value="#{detail.message}" converter="messageConverter" />
</f:metadata>

with just

@Named
public class Detail {

    private Message message;

    // Getter+setter
}

and a

@FacesConverter("messageConverter")
public class MessageConverter implements Converter {

    // Convert string id to Message object in getAsObject().
    // Convert Message object to string id in getAsString().

}

@Inject to pass params to a CDI @Named bean via URL

See also

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